Amazon ec2 provides computing instances that can be scalable in terms of computing power and memory, flexible by providing the option to host applications on multiple different platforms. Mach 9 coin sorter and counter basic control wrs232 interface. You can set up new ec2 instances with user data scripts and cloudinit directives. Sybl is a language enabling elasticity requirements description for cloud services. May 05, 2012 an overview of elastic computing research. An elasticity unit refers to a set of one or more stages of a pipeline that will be grouped together under the same elasticity rules. Distributed data stream processing and edge computing. Architecting for the cloud aws best practices awsstatic. Openmp programming model the openmp standard provides an api for shared memory programming using the forkjoin model. In looking at the aws amazon web services pages, you may have noticed that they dont.
An openmp implementation consists of a compiler and a runtime. Differences between traditional and cloud computing environments. Apr 09, 2015 cloud computing or cloud is defined as using various services such as software development platforms, servers, storage, over the internet. He is the coauthor of several computer science books, including the c programming language and the unix programming environment.
The rest of the paper is organized in the following way. Department of homeland security management directives the system is made up of directives and instructions. Below are links to the materials, including slide sets, used by instructors of research computing tutorials. Download programming distributed computing systems. Pdf stream processing is a computing paradigm that has emerged from the necessity of handling high volumes of data in real time. It was designed and written by a man named dennis ritchie. An extensible language for controlling elasticity in. The rst version of fortran was written in 1957 and the language has evolved over time.
Letaief abstractdriven by the visions of internet of things and 5g communications, recent years have seen a paradigm shift in mobile computing, from the centralized mobile cloud computing. For example, you can rent a server on aws that you can connect to, configure, secure, and run just as. Fundamental building blocks for the elasticity conceptualizing and modeling elastic objects and execution environments so we can manage diverse types of artifacts and their runtime in a similar manner defining and capturing elasticity primitive operations associated with elastic objects and environments recommending and programming elastic. Comprehensive coverage of all major multicore programming tools, including threads, openmp, mpi, and cuda demonstrates parallel programming design patterns and examples of how different tools and paradigms can be integrated for superior performance particular focus on the emerging area of divisible load theory and its impact on load balancing. Sybl is designed based on the use of programming directives which are used. Sybl, has been proposed for controlling elasticity in cloud applications. Coin sorter and counter basic control wrs232 interface the information contained herein is proprietary and is not to be used for purposes other than as an aid in the operation andor maintenance of the equipment described herein and is further not to be released or reproduced by anyone without the written permission of.
Sybls directives allow controlling elasticity by defining relations between. Pdf, the 11th international conference on service oriented computing. Heterogeneous programming and optimization of gyrokinetic toroidal code using directives wenlu zhang1,2, wayne joubert3, peng wang4, matthew niemerg5, bei wang6, william tang6, sam taimourzadeh1, lei shi1, jian bao1, zhihong lin1 1 department of physics and astronomy, university of california, irvine, california, usa 2 institute of physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing, china. Here we analyze the static elastic response at the surface given a slip. Laplace solver once again, but this will be a little different where the openmp and openacc were similar. Purebasic a beginners guide to computer programming. What is elastic cloud computing and how it benefits business. Converting a high performance application to an elastic cloud. Elastic computing is the ability of a cloud service provider to provision flexible computing power when and wherever required. The book can support both one and twosemester courses, depending on topic selection and pace of work. Ibm elastic storage gpfs 1tbs io and 120 pb disk capacity. The solutions are password protected and are only available to lecturers at academic institutions. Citeseerx programming directives for elastic computing.
Elastic computing principles, models, and algorithms for. Programming directives for elastic computing ieee xplore. Cluster computing an overview sciencedirect topics. In the above example, an aws cloudformation template has been defined in json notation to create an amazon ec2 instance. An energy efficient massive parallel computational model muhammad usman ashraf, fathy alburaei eassa, aiiad ahmad albeshri, abdullah algarni department of computer science king abdulaziz university kau jeddah, saudi arabia abstractthe emerging exascale supercomputing system. Truong, virtualizing software and humans for elastic processes in multiple clouds a service management perspective, in international journal of next generation computing, 2012 ad hoc networks web of things. Fpgaspecific optimizations against manual opencl appli cations with. A programmer specifies directives commands and pragmas hints about a loop to the openmp compiler. Definition of elastic computing in the medical dictionary by the free dictionary.
Programming directives are popular in parallel programming languages and frameworks such as open multiprocessing openmp 1 and high performance fortran hpf, 2 where they let developers exploit and control the parallelism separating programming logic and computational behavior. I foundations of computer science 1 this course has two objectives. Preprocessor directives are lines included in a program that begin with the. Click here to apply for a password click here to download the solutions pdf. Motivation elastic net computation outline 1 motivation 2 elastic net naive elastic net elastic net adaptive elastic net 3 computation zou, hastie, etc presenter. Elasticnet and algorithms for computing the regularization paths. With these directives and pragmas, openmp compilers generate parallel code. Directive paradigms for elasticity have several key principles, and we can apply a set of basic primitive constructs to any elastic computing environment, such as clouds. Amazon elastic compute cloud user guide for linux instances. It has the ability to produce your own data center into a private cloud and. Matlo s book on the r programming language, the art of r programming, was published in 2011. Directives briefly build on dhs policy statements, policies, missions, programs, activities, or business practices of a continuing nature that are authorized by statute. Elastic computing principles, models, and algorithms for software services, things, and people on the cloud issse, salerno, 9 july 20 schahram dustdar and honglinh truong. Introduction cloud computing can be defined as a model for enabling convenient, ondemand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources e.
Computing systems, digital systems construction, computer construction workshop, lets build a computer, and the like. You can set up new ec2 instances with user data scripts and cloud init directives. Developer at the global manufacturer of navigation systems 5x in 40 hours 2x in 4 hours 5x in 8 hours. Programming directives for controlling elasticity should be easy to use. Programming directives can substantially reduce this overhead by delegating control of elasticity to middleware systems while allowing developers to focus on defining. Some directives also steer application deployment and execution using program annotations introduced in generalpurpose programming language.
This course would provide the basics of algorithm design and parallel programming. Schahram dustdar faculty of science and engineering. His book, parallel computation for data science, came out in 2015. He was in the computing science research center at bell laboratories from 1969 to 2000, and now teaches in the computer science department at princeton. This web extra lists example directives in the simpleyetbeautiful language sybl. This paper surveys state of the art on stream processing engines and mechanisms for exploiting resource elasticity features of cloud computing in stream processing.
Peter salzman are authors of the art of debugging with gdb, ddd, and eclipse. Most c preprocessor features are inactive unless you give specific directives to request. Computing models machinebased computing humanbased computing thingsbased computing grid g it cture mm. Sybl can be used by cloud providers, software providers, application developers or even endusers to describe their elasticity requirements concerning the application. It is used to build public, hybrid and private clouds. Apr 12, 2012 elastic computing is a concept in cloud computing in which computing resources can be scaled up and down easily by the cloud service provider. Thus, elasticity programming directives are introduced in 1 as a means to i delegate elasticity control to infrastructures and ii separate elasticity control from application logic. Programming directives can substantially reduce this overhead by delegating control of elasticity. In addition, we demonstrated that the functional decomposition of pipeline stages cpubound, memorybound, and so on in corresponding elasticity units was responsible for the best. This study provides an overview on cloud computing and how it relates to eu consumer protection and the eu digital single market goals. Blocks are divided into 32 thread wide units called warps size of warps is implementation specific and can change in the future the sm creates, manages, schedules and executes threads at warp granularity. Existing programming directives mainly control the number of processors used for a particular code region and the data distribution among them.
Procedures and subroutines are an essential part of programming in any language as they can be used to execute sections of code along with variable parameters in the case of procedures from any part of the running program. Department of homeland security management directives. Pdf the elasticity feature of cloud computing has been proved as pertinent for parallel. Towards building cyberphysical ecosystems of people. The elasticity of these resources can be in terms of processing power. Amazon web services overview of amazon web services page 1 introduction in 2006, amazon web services aws began o. On providing cloud elasticity for pipelinestructured. Using a real workload from an it brazilian company, the elastipipe prototype presented performance gains of up to 60% when confronted with a non elastic. Cloud computing is a new model of computing that could bring substantial benefits to consumers, businesses and administrations, while also creating new risks and challenges. If you are teaching a course and wish to have an rcs staff member come to it and offer. Using a real workload from an it brazilian company, the elastipipe prototype presented performance gains of up to 60% when confronted with a nonelastic approach. Second is to present some fundamental principles of computer science.
Moreover, we present two alternatives to explore cloud elasticity. Directivebased, highlevel programming and optimizations for. Elastic computing definition of elastic computing by. Intro to fortran 77 programming fortran 77 into the earlymiddle of the nineties fortran 77 was the dominating language for number crunching its predecessor fortran iv was replaced by fortran 77 in the early eighties.
In an experiment with a performance evaluation of a web application we have shown that the approach is feasible and working. The book is completely selfcontained, requiring only programming in any language as a prerequisite. Openacc was the same idea as openmp, but with data migration added. The developer must deal with daunting tasks using lowlevel code to implement strategies trading off costs versus quality of service. Elastic computing is nothing but a concept in cloud computing in which computing resources can be scaled up and down easily by the cloud service provider. Starting from the premise that understanding the foundations of concurrent programming is significant to creating distributed computing methods, this book first presents the basic theories of concurrent computing after which introduces the programming languages that help develop distributed computing strategies at a high diploma of abstraction. Clouds are elastic nist definition of cloud computing cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, ondemand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources e. Zhiting xu elastic net and algorithms for computing the regularization paths. Programming elasticity in the cloud honglinh truong distributed. The celebration recognized the enduring impact of basic, showcased innovation in computing at dartmouth today, and imagined what the next 50 years might hold. Clang, gnu gcc, ibm xlc, intel icc these slides borrow heavily from tim mattsons excellent openmp tutorial available. Using a real workload from an it brazilian company, the elastipipe prototype presented performance gains of up to 60% when confronted with a non elastic approach. Cyberhuman partnerships towards a resilient ecosystem in.
Amazon elastic compute cloud amazon ec2 is a cloud infrastructure offered under amazon web services aws that provides raw computing resources on demand. Appropriate algorithm think nested parallel loops appropriate data structure vectors, arrays, simple indexing read the minfo messages manage data moving to and from gpu cuda or data regions optimize, tune for strides, locality acceleratorenabled and hostonly in same binary performance portability using openacc directives and. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. We study the problems with parallel computing techniques, such as mpi, as a framework in building high performance applications and use the insights gained to formulate directives. Programming directives for elastic computing novemberdecember 2012 73 programming directives for elasticity programming directives for elasticity must let developers specify runtime properties related to resources, cost, and quality. This book forms the basis for a single concentrated course on parallel computing or a twopart sequence. More recently, architecture has been proposed to use edge computing for data stream processing. Eucalyptus is an open source software infrastructure in cloud computing, which is used to implement clusters in cloud computing platform. A 2isec superior institute of engineering of coimbra polytechnic of coimbra, 3030190 coimbra, portugal 3cisuc centre of informatics and systems of the university of. Sybl overview the initial idea of using elasticity directives for cloud computing is. What is elastic computing definition microsoft azure. Pdf early evaluation of directivebased gpu programming. Amazon elastic compute cloud amazon ec2 provides scalable computing capacity in the amazon web.
Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual. Nist sp 500292 nist cloud computing reference architecture ii reports on computer systems technology the information technology laboratory itl at the national institute of standards and technology nist promotes the u. Enabling and controlling the elasticity of cloud computing applications is a challenging issue. At the beginning of the fall, spring, and summer, we offer free classroom training to the bu community. The computing world has undergone a revolution since the publication of the c programming language in 1978.
Getting started with aws amazon web services aws provides computing resources and services that you can use to build applications within minutes at payasyougo pricing. Elastic computing is the ability to quickly expand or decrease computer processing, memory and storage resources to meet changing demands without worrying about capacity planning and engineering for peak usage. Dec 14, 2014 outline part 1 elastic computing principles and models motivation scenario, elastic principles and the vienna elasticity computing model part 2 techniques for programming and eingeering elasticity for native cloud services configuration, deployment, monitoring, and control with comot and its salsa, sybl, mela part 3 handon exercise. Both have become standardized programming interfaces supported by major computer vendors. Elasticity computing model part 2 techniques for programming and. Big computers are much bigger, and personal computers have capabilities that rival mainframes of a decade ago. Elastic computing does not currently support automatic optimization for multinode environments, although extensions are planned for future work, so instead we developed an mpi application to evenly distribute several convolutions among several instances of elastic computing running on the nodes of the cluster. The communication perspective yuyi mao, changsheng you, jun zhang, kaibin huang, and khaled b. Monitoring checks a computations current status, determining the resources used, costs accrued. An elastic ip address is a static ipv4 address designed for dynamic cloud computing.
This year, dartmouth marked 50 years of basic with a day of events on wednesday, april 30. Heterogeneous programming and optimization of gyrokinetic. Example aws cloudformation template for launching an ec2 instance. It contains directives telling apache where to find encryption keys and. Fpgabased accelerator computing, we propose several directive based. Specifying and controling elasticity basic primitives dustdar, s. With it, you can mask the failure of an instance or software by rapidly remapping the address to another instance in your account. Exploring cloud elasticity in scientific applications. A complexityeffective approach for pipelining irregular loop nests mingxing tan 1. Introduction to devops on aws december 2014 page 9 of 20. Parallel programming with openmp openmp open multiprocessing is a popular sharedmemory programming model supported by popular production c also fortran compilers. Lawrence livermore national laboratorys computation organization helps shape the frontiers of highperformance computing, data sciences, and computer science to address critical national problems.
Pdf starhpc teaching parallel programming within elastic. Pdf towards combining reactive and proactive cloud elasticity. Amazon elastic compute cloud amazon ec2 tutorials dojo. We designed our primitives such that developers can incorporate them into mainstream programming languages, letting them control application elasticity. The most important thing is avoiding restructuring of existing code for production applications. This makes programming easier as the entire program can then be broken down. Early evaluation of directive based gpu programming models for productive exascale computing. Elastic computing is an optimization framework for multicore heterogeneous systems that provides an autotuning function library that automatically. Fpga specific optimizations against manual opencl appli cations with. Enabling and controlling the elasticity of cloud computing applications is challenging. Directives are not part of the grammar of a programming language, and may vary from compiler to compiler.
Enabling and controlling the elasticity of cloud computing applications is chal lenging. Starhpc teaching parallel programming within elastic compute cloud conference paper pdf available july 2009 with 108 reads how we measure reads. Elastic computing is a concept in cloud computing in which computing resources can be scaled up and down easily by the cloud service provider. Programming directives can substantially reduce this overhead by delegating control of elasticity to middleware systems while allowing developers to focus on defining suitable strategies. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. In computer programming, a directive or pragma from pragmatic is a language construct that specifies how a compiler or other translator should process its input. Elasticity is a defining characteristic that differentiates cloud computing from previously proposed computing paradigms, such as grid computing.
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